Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy 2016 bjog. Ectopic pregnancy journal of obstetric, gynecologic. The most common place for this to happen is in the fallopian tube. There has been shift in the mm from ablative surgery to conservative. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus. Ectopic pregnancies are rare but serious, and they need to be treated. It represents a serious hazard to a womans health and reproductive potential, requiring prompt recognition and early aggressive intervention. Ectopic pregnancy is when a pregnancy grows outside of your uterus, usually in your fallopian tube. One out of every 100 to 300 pregnancies is ectopic, and the prevalence is increasing. If ectopic pregnancy appears unlikely and patients are stable, serum levels of betahcg can be measured serially on an outpatient basis typically every 2 days.
An ectopic pregnancy ep falls within the area of the gynecological emergency andor reproductive management of women, which is the implantation of fertilized ovum outside the endometrial cavity. Of note, both an ectopic pregnancy and corpus luteum are vascular structures that can present as a ring of. Diagnosis, prevention and management find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Summary key points incidence of ectopic pregnancy is rising while maternal mortality from it is falling. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube.
Incidence, diagnosis and management of tubal and nontubal. This type of ectopic pregnancy is called a tubal pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy definition in an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg implants in a location outside the uterus and tries to develop there. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy ncbi. Additional sonographic findings are associated with ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy definition of ectopic pregnancy by.
It is widely available, well tolerated, and highly sensitive for ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy modern diagnosis and management is a comprehensive book which guides the reader through. Ectopic pregnancy is the second major cause of maternal mortality in the united states and a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the world. An ectopic pregnancy ep falls within the area of the gynecological emergency andor reproductive. Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy in which the developing blastocyst becomes implanted at a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. The most common site is the fallopian tube, the tube that normally carries eggs from the ovary to the uterus. Pdf on dec 20, 2017, talal anwer abdulkareem and others published ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy knowledge for medical students and.
Definition ectopic pregnancies account for 1% to 2% of all conceptions. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy ncbi. It is for use by all healthcare professionals involved in womens.
Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilised ovum outside of the uterine cavity. Free fluid is often seen on ultrasound, but is not diagnostic of ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies account for one to two percent of all conceptions. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg attaches itself in a place other than inside the uterus.
The most common ectopic implantation site is the fallopian tube, though 10 % of ectopic pregnancies implant in the cervix, ovary, myometrium, interstitial portion of the fallopian tube, abdominal cavity or within a cesarean section scar. Adnexal sonographic findings in ectopic pregnancy and. When a pregnant patient presents with firsttrimester bleeding or. An ectopic pregnancy is an early embryo fertilized egg that has implanted outside of the. This booklet is designed to provide information on the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy. A diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy ep is primarily achieved using transvaginal ultrasonography tvs. Epidemiology the overall incidence has increased over the last few decades and is currently thought to affect 12% of pregnancies. Ectopic pregnancy current management guidelines ectopic pregnancy remains the leading cause of death in early trimester of pregnancy.
Hemorrhage from ectopic pregnancy is still the leading cause of pregnancyrelated maternal mortality in the first. Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterine cavity. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy with collapse and or significant free fluid in the abdomen haemoperitoneum. Investigations incur costs and the use of serial measurements may delay decision making. Hemorrhage from ectopic pregnancy is still the leading cause of pregnancy related maternal mortality in the first. A number of findings may suggest the presence of ep, but are not diagnostic. Ectopic pregnancy a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Most cases of tubal ectopic pregnancy that are detected early can be treated successfully either with minimally invasive surgery or with medical management using methotrexate. The egg can also implant on the outside of the uterus, on the ovary or cervix, or in the abdomen. Ectopic pregnancy gynecology and obstetrics msd manual. It is frequently associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, which may lead to stenosis of the fallopian tubes. Etopic is the ectopic pregnancy trusts regular enewsletter, with insights into the work we do, the charitys activities and how we provide support, raise awareness and support research into ectopic pregnancy.
Pdf ectopic pregnancy is the gynaecological emergency par excellence and. Free download an ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation. Note that the ectopic is separate from the ovarian cyst. Ppt ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation free to. Most cases occur in the fallopian tube and are thus sometimes called tubal pregnancies. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy the bmj. The aetiology of ectopic pregnancy remains uncertain although a number of risk factors have been identified. This prevents the fertilized egg from passing through to the uterus, instead causing it to attach to the tube itself. Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of pregnancy related deaths in the united states.
Sometimes, an ectopic pregnancy occurs in other areas of the body, such as the ovary, abdominal cavity or the lower part of the uterus cervix, which connects to the vagina. Most cases of tubal ectopic pregnancy that are detected early can be treated successfully either with minimally invasive surgery or with. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg attaches and begins to grow outside of the uterus. Powerpoint is the worlds most popular presentation software which can let you create professional an ectopic pregnancy powerpoint presentation easily and in no time.
The guideline includes guidance on when senior andor specialist advice should be sought in order to avoid errors and unnecessary delay. The most common extrauterine location is the fallopian tube, which accounts for 96 percent of all ectopic gestations picture 1ab 1. Ectopic pregnancy discharge care what you need to know. An ectopic pregnancy most often occurs in a fallopian tube, which carries eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy has been rising over the last 20 years. Theyre also called tubal pregnancies because most of them happen in the fallopian tubes.
Pregnancy of unknown location pul is the term used to categorize a pregnancy in a woman with a positive pregnancy test when no pregnancy has been visualized using tvs. This quiz and corresponding worksheet help you gauge your understanding of ectopic pregnancy along with the causes and treatments of this condition. In the united kingdom nearly 12 000 ectopic pregnancies are diagnosed each year, which gives a prevalence of 1. In ectopic pregnancy, ectopic means out of place, so an ectopic pregnancy means that a pregnancy occurs somewhere. The word ectopic means in an abnormal place or position. Learn more from webmd about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of an. Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially lifethreatening condition occurring in 12 % of all pregnancies. Ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed early before it ruptures with recent advances in immunoassay to detect shcg, high resolution usg, and dignostic laparoscopy. This helps you give your presentation on an ectopic pregnancy in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations. A healthy 29yearold woman who has been trying to conceive presents with vaginal spotting for the past 5 days and intermittent crampy abdominal pain in her left lower quadrant for the past 3 days. Uncommon implantation sites of ectopic pregnancy include the cervix, interstitial segment of the fallopian tube, scar from a prior cesarean delivery, uterine myometrium, ovary, and peritoneal cavity. Suspicion of an ectopic pregnancy increases if free fluid representing blood is visualised, either surrounding the uterus or in the pouch of. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when an embryo implants somewhere other than the uterus, such as in one of the fallopian tubes. Ectopic pregnancies can also happen on your ovary, or somewhere else in your belly.
In patients with a vital extrauterine pregnancy, the human chorionic. The classic triad of symptoms, amenorrhea, abdominal pain, and abnormal bleeding, varies greatly among individuals, and ectopic pregnancies frequently are confused with other conditions, such as ovarian cyst, pelvic inflammatory disease, and spontaneous abortion. The estimated prevalence of ectopic pregnancy is 12% worldwide. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy bmj sexual.
Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of pregnancyrelated deaths in the united states. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when implantation of the blastocyst takes place in a site other than the endometrium of the uterine cavity. Purpose and scope the purpose of this guideline is to improve the management of women who may have an ectopic pregnancy. Abstract ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterine cavity. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when an embryo attaches outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes. The etiology of ep concentrated mainly on factor causes delayed transport of the fertilized ovum through the fallopian tube favors implantation in tubal mucosa, thus giving rise to ep. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy and current concepts in the. This guideline replaces the management of tubal pregnancy, which. In current practice, in developed countries, diagnosis. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilised ovum implants outside the normal uterine cavity. Information for you this leaflet has been updated uptodate information is available on the rcog website. The guideline covers diagnosis of early pregnancy loss, including the use of ultrasound scanning and biochemical testing. Most cases of tubal ectopic pregnancy that are detected early can be treated successfully either with minimally invasive surgery or with medical management using. This book contains the practical methods to early diagnosis of various forms of ectopic pregnancies and their modern management.